What is Sandbagging? Sandbagging occurs when a person or company intentionally lowers its estimation for success with the goal of producing greater-than-expected results. In business, managers may engage in this practice as a way of reducing the expectations of shareholders and investors, knowing very well that they will exceed those expectations. Employees may also engage…
What is a Horizontal Merger? A horizontal merger occurs when companies operating in the same or similar industry combine together. The purpose of a horizontal merger is to more efficiently utilize economies of scale, increase market power, and exploit cost-based and revenue-based synergies. Reasons for a Horizontal Merger When companies undergo a horizontal merger, the…
What is Channel Stuffing? When a company forces in more products through a distribution channel than the channel is capable of selling, its sales figures become inflated. The practice is known as Channel Stuffing or Trade Loading. The practice of channel stuffing is very deceptive. Retailers are deliberately loaded with more products than they are…
What are Natural Gas Liquids? Natural gas liquids, also known as natural gasoline, are by-products of natural gas that are extracted as liquid. Chemically, natural gas liquids are hydrocarbons that are exclusively made of hydrogen and carbon. Natural gas liquids are also in the same molecular family as crude oil and natural gases. Natural gas liquids…
What is a Mortgage Originator? A mortgage originator is a person or institution that works with clients and helps them with the completion of a mortgage loan transaction. The mortgage originator is the primary lender and can act as a mortgage banker or broker. Originators fall under the primary mortgage market division and collaborate with…
What is a News Trader? A news trader can be seen as an investor or trader who makes investment decisions by following notable news announcements. News traders use market sentiment to their advantage. By keeping track of what is happening in the market and anticipating certain news releases, a news trader uses the market sentiment…
What is a Mortgage Broker? A mortgage broker refers to a middleman who manages the mortgage loan process for businesses or people. Basically, they connect mortgage lenders and borrowers without using their own funds to establish the connection. Mortgage brokers educate themselves on the financial standing of the borrower and attempt to connect them with…
What is the Morningstar Risk Rating? The Morningstar risk rating, also known as the Morningstar rating or star rating, is a rating assigned to publicly traded ETFs (exchange-traded funds) or mutual funds. Morningstar risk ratings are applied to various funds, including equity ETFs and specialized products like bond ETFs, to assess risk relative to fixed…
What is a Newly Industrialized Country (NIC)? The term newly industrialized country (NIC) refers to a subcategory of countries that are still developing but show greater economic growth compared to other developing countries. The NIC countries are continuously evolving and growing through industrialization and urbanization. Brief History and Background of NICs The NIC concept became…
What is Authorized Stock? Authorized stock or authorized shares refer to the maximum number of shares a corporation is legally permitted to issue according to its corporate bylaws. The product of the number of authorized shares and the face value per share is referred to as the authorized share capital. Authorized shares are different from…
