What is Target Costing? Target costing is not just a method of costing, but rather a management technique wherein prices are determined by market conditions, taking into account several factors, such as homogeneous products, level of competition, no/low switching costs for the end customer, etc. When these factors come into the picture, management wants to…
What is Budgeting Software? Budgeting software is any computer program that helps an individual or business design, manage, monitor, and alter their budget. Examples of software range from Microsoft Excel on one end to SAP on the other end. In this article, we will examine and compare various types of software for budgeting purposes. Types…
What is Prorated? In accounting and finance, prorated means adjusted for a specific time period. For example, if an employee is due a salary of $80,000 per year, and they join the company on July 1, their prorated salary for that year would be $40,000. How to Prorate a Number Let’s look at an example….
What is the Equity Method? The equity method is a type of accounting used for intercorporate investments. It is used when the investor holds significant influence over the investee but does not exercise full control over it, as in the relationship between a parent company and its subsidiary. In this case, the terminology of “parent”…
What is an Installment Sale? An installment sale is a financing arrangement in which the seller allows the buyer to make payments over an extended period of time. In an installment sale, the buyer receives the goods at the beginning of the installment period and makes payments over an installment period. Revenue and expense are…
What is Weighted Average Cost (WAC)? In accounting, the Weighted Average Cost (WAC) method of inventory valuation uses a weighted average to determine the amount that goes into COGS and inventory. The weighted average cost method divides the cost of goods available for sale by the number of units available for sale. The WAC method…
What is Deferred Revenue? Deferred Revenue (also called Unearned Revenue) is generated when a company receives payment for goods and/or services that have not been delivered or completed. In accrual accounting, revenue is only recognized when it is earned. If a customer pays for goods/services in advance, the company does not record any revenue on…
What is the Matching Principle? The matching principle is an accounting concept that dictates that companies report expenses at the same time as the revenues they are related to. Revenues and expenses are matched on the income statement for a period of time (e.g., a year, quarter, or month). Example of the Matching Principle Imagine…
What is Share Capital? Share capital (shareholders’ capital, equity capital, contributed capital, or paid-in capital) is the amount invested by a company’s shareholders for use in the business. When a company is first created, if its only asset is the cash invested by the shareholders, the balance sheet is balanced with cash on the left…
