What is an Initial Coin Offering (ICO)? An initial coin offering (ICO) is a type of capital-raising activity in the cryptocurrency and blockchain environment. The ICO can be viewed as an initial public offering (IPO) that uses cryptocurrencies. However, it is not the most precise comparison, as there are some crucial differences between the two…
What is the Wealth Effect? The wealth effect is a theory centered around the idea that when equity portfolios are consistently earning, the owners feel secure in their wealth and are more likely to spend. Rising equity portfolios are caused by an accelerated increase in stock prices. The perception of greater wealth leads the individual…
What is a Social Impact Bond? A social impact bond (also known as a social benefit good or social bond) is a type of financial security that provides capital to the public sector to fund projects that will create better social outcomes and lead to savings. These bonds are a new development in finance. UK-based…
What is Series C Financing? Series C financing (also known as series C round or series C funding) is one of the stages in the capital-raising process for a startup. The series C round is the fourth stage of startup financing and typically the last stage of venture capital financing. However, some companies opt to…
What is Series B Financing? Series B financing (also known as series B round or series B funding) is one of the stages in the capital-raising process of a startup. Essentially, the series B round is the third stage of startup financing and the second stage of venture capital financing. How Does Series B Financing…
What is Series A Financing? Series A financing (also known as series A round or series A funding) is one of the stages in the capital-raising process by a startup. Essentially, the series A round is the second stage of startup financing and the first stage of venture capital financing. Similar to seed financing, series…
What is Seed Financing? Seed financing (also known as seed capital, seed money, or seed funding) is the earliest stage of the capital-raising process of a startup. Seed financing is a type of equity-based financing. In other words, investors commit their capital in exchange for an equity interest in a company. Generally, this is done…
What is the Theory of Liquidity Preference? The Theory of Liquidity Preference states that agents in financial markets demonstrate a preference for liquidity. Formally, if U(Asset A) > U(Asset B) and rA = rB, then L(Asset A) > L(Asset B), where: U(Asset A) is an investor’s utility from holding asset A U(Asset B) is an investor’s…
What are Capital Markets? Capital markets are the exchange system platform that transfers capital from investors who want to employ their excess capital to businesses that require the capital to finance various projects or investments. Types of Capital Markets Capital markets primarily feature two types of securities: equity securities and debt securities. Both are forms…
