The Forward Price-to-Earnings or Forward P/E Ratio The forward P/E ratio (or forward price-to-earnings ratio) divides the current share price of a company by the estimated future (“forward”) earnings per share (EPS) of that company. For valuation purposes, a forward P/E ratio is typically considered more relevant than a historical P/E ratio. What is the…
What is an Operating Budget? An operating budget consists of all revenues and expenses over a period of time (typically a quarter or a year) that a corporation, government (see the U.S. 2017 Budget), or organization uses to plan its operations. An operating budget is prepared in advance of a reporting period as a goal…
Profit Margin Template This Excel profit margin template will allow you to calculate the gross profit, EBITDA, operating, and net profit margins. Below is a preview of the Profit Margin Excel template: Download CFI’s Free Profit Margin Template Click the button below to download our free Profit Margin template! Profit margin is a measure of a…
What is Economic Value Added (EVA)? Economic Value Added (EVA) is a measure based on the residual Income technique, which measures the return generated over and above investors’ required rate of return (hurdle rate). The metric serves as an indicator of the profitability of projects undertaken and its underlying premise consists of the ideas that…
What is NOPAT? NOPAT stands for Net Operating Profit After Tax and represents a company’s theoretical income from operations if it had no debt (no interest expense). NOPAT is used to make companies more comparable by removing the impact of their capital structure. In this way, it’s easier to compare two companies in the same…
What is a Due Diligence Report? This article outlines what a due diligence report should cover and what questions need to be answered with mergers and acquisitions. A due diligence report is sent as an internal memo to members of the executive team who are evaluating the transaction and is a requirement for closing the…
Sheet Name Code Template This sheet name code template allows you to display the name of an Excel sheet in a cell using a combination of formulas. Here are the screenshots of the sheet name code template: Download the Free Template Sheet Name Formula =MID(CELL(“filename”,A1),FIND(“]”,CELL(“filename”,A1))+1,500) (See screenshots below) Example of creating the sheet name code: Step…
What is the Unlevered Cost of Capital? The unlevered cost of capital is the implied rate of return a company expects to earn on its assets, without the effect of debt. A company that wants to undertake a project will have to allocate capital or money for it. Theoretically, the capital could be generated either…
Example of Forward-Looking Statements This is an example of forward-looking statements for an investor relations presentation on behalf of a public company. Note: this example is for educational purposes only and should not be relied upon for any other use. Forward-Looking Statements Certain information set forth in this presentation contains “forward-looking information”, including “future-oriented financial…
Overview and Fundamentals of Section 368 Section 368(A)(1) outlines a format for US tax treatment of corporate reorganizations, as described in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The reorganization transactions, however, must meet certain legal requirements to classify for the favorable treatment. Additionally, there has been further precedent outside of the codified requirements that have developed…
