What is a Correlation? A correlation is a statistical measure of the relationship between two variables. The measure is best used in variables that demonstrate a linear relationship between each other. The fit of the data can be visually represented in a scatterplot. Using a scatterplot, we can generally assess the relationship between the variables…
What is Confidence Interval? A confidence interval is an estimate of an interval in statistics that may contain a population parameter. The unknown population parameter is found through a sample parameter calculated from the sampled data. For example, the population mean μ is found using the sample mean x̅. The interval is generally defined by…
What is Functional Obsolescence (Real Estate)? In real estate, functional obsolescence refers to the diminishing of the usefulness of an architecture design such that changing it to suit current real estate designs is almost impossible. In the long term, functional obsolescence results in losses to investors due to the fact that real estate investments are…
What is a Direct Offering? A direct offering is sometimes referred to as direct placement. It is a type of offering that allows the issuing company to sell its securities directly to investors without using a middleman, such as an investment bank. When a company decides to use direct offering rather than an initial public…
What is a Multi-Step Income Statement? A multi-step income statement is an income statement that segregates total revenue and expenses into operating and non-operating heads. It offers an in-depth analysis of the business’s financial performance in a specific reporting period. It lists items in different categories to make it convenient for users of the income…
What is a Real Estate Operating Company (REOC)? A real estate operating company (REOC) is a company that owns and operates real estate properties, and its shares trade in public exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and NASDAQ. Unlike real estate investment trusts (REITs), REOCs are allowed to reinvest a majority…
What is Replacement Cost (Real Estate)? Replacement cost refers to the price that it would cost to replace an existing asset with a similar asset at the current market price. The asset in question can be a real estate property, investment security, or account receivable. For example, if a building suffers from damage…
What is a Hospitality REIT? A hospitality REIT is a real estate investment trust that owns, acquires, and manages hotels, motels, luxury resorts, and business-class hotels, and leases out space in the properties to guests. Hospitality REITs also provide and serve meals, non-alcoholic and alcoholic drinks, and other services that are ordinarily provided within households…
What is a Capital Gain? A capital gain is an increase in the value of an asset or investment resulting from the price appreciation of the asset or investment. In other words, the gain occurs when the current or sale price of an asset or investment exceeds its purchase price. Capital gains are attributable to…
What is the Price-to-Cash Flow Ratio? The price-to-cash flow (also denoted as price/cash flow or P/CF) ratio is a financial multiple that compares a company’s market value to its operating cash flow (or the company’s stock price per share to its operating cash flow per share). Essentially, the price-to-cash flow ratio measures the current price…
