Capital Allocation Line (CAL) and Optimal Portfolio The Capital Allocation Line (CAL) is a line that graphically depicts the risk-and-reward profile of assets, and can be used to find the optimal portfolio. The process to construct the CAL for a collection of portfolios is described below. Portfolio expected return and variance For the sake of…
What is EBITDA Margin? EBITDA margin is a profitability ratio that measures how much in earnings a company is generating before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, as a percentage of revenue. EBITDA Margin = EBITDA / Revenue. The earnings are calculated by taking sales revenue and deducting operating expenses, such as the cost of goods…
What is EOQ? EOQ stands for Economic Order Quantity. It is a measurement used in the field of Operations, Logistics, and Supply Management. In essence, EOQ is a tool used to determine the volume and frequency of orders required to satisfy a given level of demand while minimizing the cost per order. The Importance of…
What is CAGR? CAGR stands for the Compound Annual Growth Rate. It is the measure of an investment’s annual growth rate over time, with the effect of compounding taken into account. It is often used to measure and compare the past performance of investments or to project their expected future returns. The CAGR formula is…
What is a Total Return Swap (TRS)? A Total Return Swap is a contract between two parties who exchange the return from a financial asset between them. In this agreement, one party makes payments based on a set rate while the other party makes payments based on the total return of an underlying asset. The…
What is an Auction? An auction is a system of buying and selling goods or services by offering them for bidding—allowing people to bid and selling to the highest bidder. The bidders compete against each other, with each subsequent bid being higher than the previous bid. Once an item is placed for sale, the auctioneer…
What is a Privately Held Company? A Privately Held Company is a company that is wholly owned by individuals or corporations and does not offer equity interests in the company to investors in the form of stock shares traded on a public stock exchange. A company in the “private sector” refers to non-government-owned businesses, and…
What is a Private vs Public Company? The main difference between a private vs public company is that the shares of a public company are traded on a stock exchange, while a private company’s shares are not. There are several more important differences to understand, which this article will outline below. Differences Between a Private…
What is the Gross Margin Ratio? The Gross Margin Ratio, also known as the gross profit margin ratio, is a profitability ratio that compares the gross margin of a company to its revenue. It shows how much profit a company makes after paying off its Cost of Goods Sold (COGS). The ratio indicates the percentage…
What is Junior Tranche Debt? A junior tranche is an unsecured debt that ranks lower in repayment priority than other debts in the event of default. It is also referred to as subordinated debt. When a company goes into liquidation or bankruptcy, the creditors receive payments in order of priority, with senior debt receiving payments…
